Unha ollada sobre a Galiza en tres discursos: Castelar, Emilia Pardo Bazán, Gaspar Núñez de Arce

Abstract

This communication collects strictly the text read at the Conference dedicated
to Emilia Pardo Bazán, organized by the Real Academia Galega, in the round-table session that
took place on October 26, 2021, at the headquarters of this institution. The author adhered to the
time previously set (fifteen minutes), so only an outline of the research was presented. This paper,
then, offers only three flashes of individual significant authors of the Spanish nineteenth century:
Castelar, Pardo Bazán, and Núñez de Arce, which correspond, respectively, with a paratext and
speeches delivered in A Coruña and Madrid, in a time span referring to the decade of 80 of that
century: 1880, 1885, 1886. The three pieces reveal an essential unity, in a decisive historical
time: the proclamation of the indisputable prevalence of the Spanish nation and, accordingly,
the rejection-condemnation of the attempts to reorganize the State (regionalism, “Separatism”,
in epochal language). Being Andalusian the first of the cited authors and Castilian the third, the
speech of Emilia Pardo Bazán, Galician, receives a plus of auctoritas and is part of a certain critical prototype about the Galician language and literature being reborn at that time. The three
texts, in short, are expressive of an inevitable triangle: language / literature / ideology, around
the notion of Spain and its internal organization.